Guide to Citing the Willa Cather Archive

The following guide to citation is to assist scholars and students as they seek to credit resources from the Willa Cather Archive in their published essays and books, classroom projects, or other creative efforts.

The access dates in the following examples represent the dates the user accessed the Willa Cather Archive; it will be different for each user. In Chicago Style, access dates are not recommended for works written for publication.

Examples of citation for the following styles are featured:

1. Modern Language Association (MLA) Style
2. American Psychological Association (APA) Style
3. Chicago/Turabian Style, Bibliography System
4. Chicago/Turabian Style, Author-Date System

Citing the Cather Archive: MLA Style

Some Web sites have unusually long URLs that would be virtually impossible to retype; others use frames, so the URL appears the same for each page. To address this problem, either refer to a site's search URL, or provide the path to the resource from an entry page with an easier URL. Begin the path with the word Path followed by a colon, followed by the name of each link, separated by a semicolon.

Citing the Website:
The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. Oct. 2007. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu>.

Citing a Letter:
Cather, Willa. Letter to Alexander Woollcott. 5 Dec. 1942. Letter 1600 of A Calendar of Letters: An Expanded, Digital Edition. Ed. Andrew Jewell and Janis P. Stout. The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu>. Path: Letters; Keyword; 1600.

Citing a Photograph:
"Willa Cather in Jaffrey, New Hampshire." 1917. ID 314. The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu>. Path: Gallery; Images of Willa Cather; 314.

Citing a Video Clip:
Cather, Willa. The Literary, Artistic, & Theatrical Life of New York City During the 1920s. 1920s. QuickTime movie file. The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu>. Path: Multimedia; Movie.

Citing a Book:
Cather, Willa. O Pioneers! The Willa Cather Scholarly Edition. Ed. Charles Mignon, Susan J. Rosowski, and Kathleen Danker. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1992. The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu>. Path: Writings; Scholarly Editions.

Citing a Part of a Book:
Woodress, James. "Historical Essay: Basis in Early Experience." My Ántonia: The Willa Cather Scholarly Edition. Ed. Charles Mignon, Susan J. Rosowski, and Kathleen Danker. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1994. The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu>. Path: Writings; Scholarly Editions.

Citing an Article in Cather Studies:
Reynolds, Guy. "Modernist Space: Willa Cather's Environmental Imagination in Context." Cather Studies 5 (2003). The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu >. Path: Scholarship; Cather Studies; Volume 5.

Citing an Audio Recording:
Cather, Willa. "On the Novel." Pulitzer Prize Awards Ceremony. Hotel Plaza, New York. 4 May 1933. MP3. The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu >. Path: Multimedia; Audio.

Citing a Published Speech Transcript:
Cather, Willa. "On the Novel." Pulitzer Prize Awards Ceremony. Hotel Plaza, New York. 4 May 1933. Willa Cather in Person: Interviews, Speeches, and Letters. Ed. L. Brent Bohlke. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1986. The Willa Cather Archive. Ed. Andrew Jewell. U of Nebraska-Lincoln. 13 Nov. 2007 <http://cather.unl.edu>. Path: Writings; Interviews, Speeches, and Public Letters; Speeches.

Citing the Cather Archive: APA Style

Citing the Website:
The Willa Cather Archive. (2007, October). A. Jewell (Ed.). University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Retrieved November 13, 2007, from http://cather.unl.edu

Citing a Letter:
Letters are generally cited only with in-text citations.

(W. Cather, letter, December 5, 1942.)

Citing a Photograph:
Willa Cather in Jaffrey, New Hampshire [photograph 314]. (1917). Retrieved November 13, 2007, from The Willa Cather Archive: http://cather.unl.edu/gallery/index.html

Citing a Video Clip:
Historic Films Archive. (Original source). (n.d.). The literary, artistic, & theatrical life of New York City during the 1920s [Silent video clip]. Retrieved November 13, 2007, from The Willa Cather Archive: http://cather.unl.edu/multimedia/movie.html

Citing a Book:
Cather, W. (1992). O pioneers! The Willa Cather scholarly edition. C. Mignon, S. J. Rosowski, & K. Danker (Eds.). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Retrieved November 13, 2007, from The Willa Cather Archive: http://cather.unl.edu/writings/scholarly.html

Citing a Part of a Book:
Woodress, J. (1994). Historical essay: Basis in early experience. In C. Mignon and K. Ronning (Eds.), My Ántonia: The Willa Cather scholarly edition. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Retrieved November 13, 2007, from The Willa Cather Archive: http://cather.unl.edu/writings/scholarly.html

Citing an Article in Cather Studies:
Reynolds, G. (2003). Modernist space: Willa Cather's environmental imagination in context. Cather Studies 5. Retrieved November 13, 2007, from The Willa Cather Archive: http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/cather/scholarship/cs/index.html

Citing an Audio Recording:
Cather, W. (Speaker). (1933). On the novel [MP3]. Retrieved November 13, 2007, from The Willa Cather Archive: http://cather.unl.edu/multimedia/audio.html

Citing a Published Speech Transcript:
Cather, W. (1933, May 4). On the novel. Pulitzer Prize Awards Ceremony. New York. In L. B. Bohlke (Ed.), Willa Cather in person: Interviews, speeches, and letters (1986). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Retrieved November 13, 2007, from The Willa Cather Archive: http://cather.unl.edu/writings/bohlke/index.html

Citing the Cather Archive: Chicago/Turabian Style, Bibliography System

Citing the Website:
Jewell, Andrew, ed. Willa Cather Archive. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. http://cather.unl.edu (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Letter:
Letters are not normally cited unless they are key to the argument.

Cather, Willa. Willa Cather to Andrew Woollcott, December 5, 1942. In A Calendar of the Letters of Willa Cather: An Expanded, Digital Edition, edited by Andrew Jewell and Janis P. Stout, 2007. Willa Cather Archive. http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/cocoon/cather/letters (accessed November 13, 2007).

If multiple letters are referenced, cite the Calendar of Letters in the bibliography; do not cite each letter individually.

Jewell, Andrew, and Janis P. Stout, eds. A Calendar of the Letters of Willa Cather: An Expanded, Digital Edition. Willa Cather Archive. http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/cocoon/cather/letters (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Photograph:
With this style, photographs are cited in notes only.

1. "Willa Cather in Jaffrey, New Hampshire," 1917, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Willa Cather Archive, http://cather.unl.edu/gallery/index.html

Citing a Video Clip:
Cather, Willa. Silent video clip. From The Literary, Artistic, & Theatrical Life of New York City During the 1920s. Willa Cather Archive. QuickTime movie file, http://cather.unl.edu/multimedia/movie.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Book:
Cather, Willa. O Pioneers! The Willa Cather Scholarly Edition. Edited by Charles Mignon, Susan J Rosowski, and Kathleen Danker. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1992. Willa Cather Archive. http://cather.unl.edu/writings/scholarly.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Part of a Book:
Woodress, James. "Historical Essay: Basis in Early Experience." In My Ántonia: The Willa Cather Scholarly Edition, edited by Charles Mignon and Kari Ronning. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994. Willa Cather Archive. http://cather.unl.edu/writings/scholarly.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing an Article in Cather Studies:
Reynolds, Guy. "Modernist Space: Willa Cather's Environmental Imagination in Context." Cather Studies 5 (2003). Willa Cather Archive. http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/cather/scholarship/cs/index.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing an Audio Recording:
Some of the information included in the following citation may not be necessary. Follow local guidelines.

Cather, Willa. "On the Novel." Speech, Pulitzer Prize Awards Ceremony, New York, May 4, 1933. Willa Cather Archive. MP3, http://cather.unl.edu/multimedia/audio.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Published Speech Transcript:
Cather, Willa. "On the Novel." In Willa Cather in Person: Interviews, Speeches, and Letters. Edited by L. Brent Bohlke. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986. Willa Cather Archive. http://cather.unl.edu/writings/bohlke/index.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing the Cather Archive: Chicago/Turabian Style, Author-Date System

Citing the Website:
Jewell, Andrew, ed. Willa Cather Archive. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. http://cather.unl.edu (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Letter:
Letters are not normally cited unless they are key to the argument.

Cather, Willa. 1942. Willa Cather to Alexander Woollcott, December 5. A calendar of the letters of Willa Cather: An expanded, digital edition. Willa Cather Archive. http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/cocoon/cather/letters (accessed November 13, 2007).

If multiple letters are referenced, cite the Calendar of Letters in the reference list; do not cite each letter individually.

Jewell, Andrew, and Janis P. Stout, eds. 2007. A calendar of the letters of Willa Cather: An expanded, digital edition. Willa Cather Archive. http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/cocoon/cather/letters (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Photograph:
Cite photographs only in parenthetical citations. Local guidelines may then require a citation of the website in the reference list.

(Willa Cather in Jaffrey, New Hampshire, 1917, Willa Cather Archive)

Citing a Video Clip:
Cather, Willa. n.d. Silent video clip. From The literary, artistic, & theatrical life of New York City during the 1920s. Willa Cather Archive. QuickTime movie file, http://cather.unl.edu/multimedia/movie.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Book:
Cather, Willa. 1992. O pioneers! The Willa Cather scholarly edition. Ed. Charles Mignon, Susan J. Rosowski, and Kathleen Danker. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Willa Cather Archive. http://cather.unl.edu/writings/scholarly.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Part of a Book:
Woodress, James. 1994. Historical essay: Basis in early experience. In My Ántonia: The Willa Cather scholarly edition, ed. Charles Mignon and Kari Ronning. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. The Willa Cather Archive. http://cather.unl.edu/writings/scholarly.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing an Article in Cather Studies:
Reynolds, Guy. 2003. Modernist space: Willa Cather's environmental imagination in context. Cather Studies 5. Willa Cather Archive. http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/cather/scholarship/cs/index.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing an Audio Recording:
Some of the information included in the following citation may not be necessary. Follow local guidelines.

Cather, Willa. 1933. On the novel. Speech, Pulitzer Prize Awards Ceremony, New York, May 4. Willa Cather Archive. MP3, http://cather.unl.edu/multimedia/audio.html (accessed November 13, 2007).

Citing a Published Speech Transcript:
Cather, Willa. 1933. On the novel. In Willa Cather in person: Interviews, speeches, and letters, ed. L. Brent Bohlke. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986. Willa Cather Archive. http://cather.unl.edu/writings/bohlke/index.html (accessed November 13, 2007).